Linux 服務(wù)器上的程序每天都在更新 MySQL 數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù),于是就想起寫(xiě)一個(gè) shell 腳本,結(jié)合 crontab,定時(shí)備份數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)。其實(shí)非常簡(jiǎn)單,主要就是使用 MySQL 自帶的 mysqldump 命令。
#!/bin/bash # Shell script to backup MySql database # To backup Nysql databases file to /backup dir and later pick up by your # script. You can skip few databases from backup too. # For more info please see (Installation info): # http://www.cyberciti.biz/nixcraft/vivek/blogger/2005/01/mysql-backup-script.html # Last updated: Aug - 2005 # -------------------------------------------------------------------- # This is a free shell script under GNU GPL version 2.0 or above # Copyright (C) 2004, 2005 nixCraft project # Feedback/comment/suggestions : http://cyberciti.biz/fb/ # ------------------------------------------------------------------------- # This script is part of nixCraft shell script collection (NSSC) # Visit http://bash.cyberciti.biz/ for more information. # ------------------------------------------------------------------------- MyUSER="SET-MYSQL-USER-NAME" # USERNAME MyPASS="SET-PASSWORD" # PASSWORD MyHOST="localhost" # Hostname # Linux bin paths, change this if it can not be autodetected via which command MYSQL="$(which mysql)" MYSQLDUMP="$(which mysqldump)" CHOWN="$(which chown)" CHMOD="$(which chmod)" GZIP="$(which gzip)" # Backup Dest directory, change this if you have someother location DEST="/backup" # Main directory where backup will be stored MBD="$DEST/mysql" # Get hostname HOST="$(hostname)" # Get data in dd-mm-yyyy format NOW="$(date +"%d-%m-%Y")" # File to store current backup file FILE="" # Store list of databases DBS="" # DO NOT BACKUP these databases IGGY="test" [ ! -d $MBD ] mkdir -p $MBD || : # Only root can access it! $CHOWN 0.0 -R $DEST $CHMOD 0600 $DEST # Get all database list first DBS="$($MYSQL -u $MyUSER -h $MyHOST -p$MyPASS -Bse 'show databases')" for db in $DBS do skipdb=-1 if [ "$IGGY" != "" ]; then for i in $IGGY do [ "$db" == "$i" ] skipdb=1 || : done fi if [ "$skipdb" == "-1" ] ; then FILE="$MBD/$db.$HOST.$NOW.gz" # do all inone job in pipe, # connect to mysql using mysqldump for select mysql database # and pipe it out to gz file in backup dir :) $MYSQLDUMP -u $MyUSER -h $MyHOST -p$MyPASS $db | $GZIP -9 > $FILE fi done
保存后將以上腳本加入crontab調(diào)度。如:每天早上四點(diǎn)半備份:30 4 * * * /data/backup-db.sh
如果你使用mysql5.1,可能會(huì)提示mysqldump 錯(cuò)誤:
mysqldump: Couldn't execute 'show create table `general_log`': Table 'mysql.general_log' doesn't exist mysqldump: Couldn't execute 'show create table `slow_log`': Table 'mysql.slow_log' doesn't exist
原因是mysql庫(kù)中沒(méi)有show_log表和general_log表,需要手動(dòng)創(chuàng)建:
CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS general_log ( event_time timestamp NOT NULL DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP ON UPDATE CURRENT_TIMESTAMP, user_host mediumtext NOT NULL, thread_id int(11) NOT NULL, server_id int(10) unsigned NOT NULL, command_type varchar(64) NOT NULL, argument mediumtext NOT NULL ) ENGINE=CSV DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8 COMMENT='General log'; CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS slow_log ( start_time timestamp NOT NULL DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP ON UPDATE CURRENT_TIMESTAMP, user_host mediumtext NOT NULL, query_time time NOT NULL, lock_time time NOT NULL, rows_sent int(11) NOT NULL, rows_examined int(11) NOT NULL, db varchar(512) NOT NULL, last_insert_id int(11) NOT NULL, insert_id int(11) NOT NULL, server_id int(10) unsigned NOT NULL, sql_text mediumtext NOT NULL ) ENGINE=CSV DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8 COMMENT='Slow log';
方法二:
注意:
DumpFile=db$(date +%y%m%d)如果設(shè)置為這樣一定要將此腳本放備份目錄下才行。 DumpFile="$BackupPath"db$(date +%y%m%d) 如果設(shè)置為這樣,日志中會(huì)有這樣的提示tar: Removing leading `/' from member names 是因?yàn)閭浞莸哪夸浭褂玫氖墙^對(duì)路徑,不過(guò)這樣不影響數(shù)據(jù),可以根據(jù)自己習(xí)慣而定。 -------------------------------------------------------------------start #!/bin/bash #This is a ShellScript For Auto DB Backup #Powered by aspbiz #2004-09 #Setting #設(shè)置數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)名,數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)登錄名,密碼,備份路徑,日志路徑,數(shù)據(jù)文件位置,以及備份方式 #默認(rèn)情況下備份方式是tar,還可以是mysqldump,mysqldotcopy #默認(rèn)情況下,用root(空)登錄mysql數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù),備份至/root/dbxxxxx.tgz DBName=mysql DBUser=root DBPasswd= BackupPath=/root/ LogFile=/root/db.log DBPath=/var/lib/mysql/ #BackupMethod=mysqldump #BackupMethod=mysqlhotcopy #BackupMethod=tar #Setting End NewFile="$BackupPath"db$(date +%y%m%d).tgz DumpFile="$BackupPath"db$(date +%y%m%d) OldFile="$BackupPath"db$(date +%y%m%d --date='5 days ago').tgz echo "-------------------------------------------" >> $LogFile echo $(date +"%y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S") >> $LogFile echo "--------------------------" >> $LogFile #Delete Old File if [ -f $OldFile ] then rm -f $OldFile >> $LogFile 2>1 echo "[$OldFile]Delete Old File Success!" >> $LogFile else echo "[$OldFile]No Old Backup File!" >> $LogFile fi if [ -f $NewFile ] then echo "[$NewFile]The Backup File is exists,Can't Backup!" >> $LogFile else case $BackupMethod in mysqldump) if [ -z $DBPasswd ] then mysqldump -u $DBUser --opt $DBName > $DumpFile else mysqldump -u $DBUser -p$DBPasswd --opt $DBName > $DumpFile fi tar czvf $NewFile $DumpFile >> $LogFile 2>1 echo "[$NewFile]Backup Success!" >> $LogFile rm -rf $DumpFile ;; mysqlhotcopy) rm -rf $DumpFile mkdir $DumpFile if [ -z $DBPasswd ] then mysqlhotcopy -u $DBUser $DBName $DumpFile >> $LogFile 2>1 else mysqlhotcopy -u $DBUser -p $DBPasswd $DBName $DumpFile >>$LogFile 2>1 fi tar czvf $NewFile $DumpFile >> $LogFile 2>1 echo "[$NewFile]Backup Success!" >> $LogFile rm -rf $DumpFile ;; *) /etc/init.d/mysqld stop >/dev/null 2>1 tar czvf $NewFile $DBPath$DBName >> $LogFile 2>1 /etc/init.d/mysqld start >/dev/null 2>1 echo "[$NewFile]Backup Success!" >> $LogFile ;; esac fi echo "-------------------------------------------" >> $LogFile ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------end
以上內(nèi)容就是本文給大家介紹的linux下mysql如何自動(dòng)備份shell腳本,希望大家喜歡。
標(biāo)簽:六盤(pán)水 武漢 百色 丹東 滁州 優(yōu)質(zhì)小號(hào) 鎮(zhèn)江 自貢
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